Air Pollution in Road Tunnels
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Air pollution in road tunnels.
As a part of a study of pollution of the air by motor vehicles, measurements have been made in two London road tunnels during periods of high traffic density. The concentrations of smoke and polycyclic hydrocarbons found there are much higher than the average values in Central London, but they are of the same order of magnitude as those occurring during temperature inversions on winter evenings...
متن کاملAir pollution measurements in traffic tunnels.
Air pollution measurements during April 1991 are reported from the Craeybeckx highway tunnel in Antwerp, Belgium. The tunnel was used daily by an average of 45,000 vehicles, of which 60% were gasoline fueled passenger cars, 20% diesel cars, and 20% trucks. Of the gasoline cars, only 3% had three-way catalysts. Tunnel air concentrations of nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide, carbon dioxide, carbon...
متن کاملRoad tunnel air pollution induces bronchoalveolar inflammation in healthy subjects.
Traffic-related air pollution is associated with adverse respiratory effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether exposure to air pollution in a road tunnel causes airway inflammatory and blood coagulation responses. A total of 16 healthy subjects underwent bronchoscopy with bronchial mucosal biopsies and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) on two occasions, in random order: once a...
متن کاملRisk Assessment and Optimization of Road Tunnels
Probabilistic methods of risk optimization are applied to specify the most effective arrangements of road tunnels. The total consequences of alternative arrangements are assessed using Bayesian networks supplemented by decision and utility nodes. It appears that the optimization may provide valuable information for a rational decision concerning number of escape routes. Discount rate seems to a...
متن کاملAir Pollution in India
Today, air pollution has emerged as a global public health problem and is identified as a major environmental health hazard by agencies such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and governments around the world. An increase in concentration of pollutants both gaseous and solid is among the largest health risk in the world and according to the latest data released by WHO, indoor and outdoor ai...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Occupational and Environmental Medicine
سال: 1961
ISSN: 1351-0711
DOI: 10.1136/oem.18.4.250